Friday, November 16, 2007

Diabetes : the silent scourge.

(World Diabetes Day – November 14)
(by Shanika Sriyananda - Sunday Observer 11-11-2007)

“Eat natural… stay active… be content…” would be the frequently murmured mantra among the youth very soon to escape the agony of being ‘Diabetic’ throughout their lives.

Diabetes is 2,500 years-old and people around know enough about this illness. In most of the countries which knows as diabetes ‘hot spots’, the cases of diabetes have increased by manifold compared to the situation a decade ago.

I can still remember uncle Bernie, my favourite neibour, who was still strong and active to his age, later became lean day by day’ Though he knew about his condition where the glucose tolerance rate has been abnormal due to impaired insulin activity, uncle Bernie never thought he would fall into that segment of patients. However, with the family doctor’s diagnosis that uncle Bernie was compelled to say ‘No’ to most his favourite dishes. Recovering from a diabetes coma, surveying a narrow escape, thanks to uncle Bernie’s wife he has been given extra care now.

Uncle Bernie is not alone in this struggle. The no of diabetics keep on increasing annually and the most important factor now is that it is becoming an illness among the younger generation. And also it not an illness of the riches but an illness among the poor.

Dr. Mahen Wijesuriya, Director of the National Diabetes Centre told a recent media conference that diabetes is not a problem of an individual, not a joke or a problem of the next door person but a problem of each and every one today’ “There is no caste, creed or religion to this illness. All are equally attacked”, he said.

Believe it, the gravity of the illness is becoming worst by every minute with our 4.5 million Sri Lankans suffering from this single illness Diabetes, today’

I have Sugar – is the most common complaint that we hear from many people. And the most important factor that shows the gravity of the illness is that six persons die of diabetes, every minute.

“Diabetes is the leading cause of eye ailments and 10 to 20 percent people around the world die due to kidney failure caused bu diabetes. Over 50 percent of heart attacks and strokes are due to diabetes and this is main cause for one million amputations every year”, he said. Apart from the genetic and foetal origin, two major factors, according to health experts contribute to the alarming rise in diabetes : poor diet and lack of exercise. The stress is also another main factor which aggravates the illness. The attitudes of the present generation who are hooked to fast food than the traditional blanced diet that causes a rapid increase in blood sugar.
The healthy traditional food items with less oil and carbohydrates have been overlooked with sweets, French fries, potato chips and lots of mouth watering fast food items full of oil. According to Dr. Wijesuriya, the illness has spread its wings from the city to rural areas where a lots of poor people are now more prone to diabetes.

What is insulin ?

What is insulin ?

It is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starch and other food into energy needed, for daily life. Without insulin your body cannot get the energy it needs from your food. This hormone is made by a gland in the body called the pancreas. Most of our food intake is turned into glucose, a form of sugar which our body uses for energy. Insulin helps the glucose get into cells of the body to provide energy.

Type of Diabetes :

Type of Diabetes :

There are two main types of diabetes.

Type 1 - This is called insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). Patients require insulin for survival and this occurs when very little or no insulin is produced. It develops most often in children and youn adults and is also found in adults. The onset is usually sudden and dramatic. This accounts for about 10 per cent of all diabetes in the country.

Type 2 - This is called non-insulin dependent diabetes. Patients do not generally require insulin in administration for survival. This occurs whn the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin to meet its requirements or it cannot utilize the insulin that is produced effectively. Type 2 diabetes can be conreolled through diet, routine exercise and oral medication. This, which is recorded among adults is becoming common in young people, including children and teens. The onset is gradual and therefore hard to detect and accounts for about 90 per cents of the total diabetes population.

What is diabetes mellitus ?

What is diabetes mellitus ?

It is a chronic condition that arises when pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces which leads to raised blood glucose levels.

What are the types ?

What are the types ?

Type 1 - Insulin dependent : Childhood onset and they produce very little or no insulin – Insulin deficiency.

Type 2 – Non insulin dependent : Adult onset and they cannot use insulin effectively that has been produced in body – Insulin resistance. Gestation diabetes mellitus (GDM) : pregnancy induced state of insulin resistance.

Who are at risk ?

Who are at risk ?

Family history of diabetes
Physical inactivity
Unhealthy diet
Stress (occupation/financial/educational/nutritional or illness)
Overweight or obese
History of GDM

What are the symptoms ?

What are the symptoms ?

Increased thirst and dry mouth
Frequent urination
Constant hunger
Sudden weight loss
Extreme tiredness or lack of energy
Delayed wound healing
Recurrent infections
Blurred vision